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Без рубрики – IVG – Instituto Vasselo Goldoni https://institutoivg.com.br Fri, 07 Aug 2026 20:10:17 +0000 pt-BR hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.0.4 Ernst Gombrich. The Story of Art https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/08/07/ernst-gombrich-the-story-of-art/ Fri, 07 Aug 2026 19:59:43 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=80650
  • The most comprehensive history of world art, from prehistoric works to contemporary performances and installations
  • Over 1,100 colour reproductions of world masterpieces
  • All art forms: from painting and sculpture to conceptual art

    • This book is not merely an album of pictures, but a fascinating account of how perceptions of beauty, power, faith and creativity have evolved over the millennia. From primitive petroglyphs to digital installations, from Egypt to Japan, from the Renaissance to the present day — here is the history of humanity as seen through the eyes of artists. Every page is a discovery; every era offers a new perspective on the world.
    Genre: a popular science illustrated book on art. The book will appeal to students, lecturers, artists, designers, cultural historians and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of how art has shaped the world and humanity. It is the ideal introduction to the history of art, as well as a worthy addition to any home library.

    From the publisher:

    This comprehensive volume introduces the reader to world masterpieces of architecture, sculpture, painting and conceptual art. Written by renowned art historians and cultural historians, this richly illustrated book will help readers form an understanding of the most iconic works. The authors trace the evolution of artistic thought from ancient times to the present day, accompanying the articles with a chronological timeline that makes it easier to situate them within their historical context.

    ]]>         Julius Caesar The Man Who Changed Rome Forever https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/08/07/julius-caesar-the-man-who-changed-rome-forever/ Fri, 07 Aug 2026 19:18:06 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=80646 Published: March 24, 2026

    Julius Caesar (100 BC – 44 BC) was one of the most influential figures in the history of the ancient world. A brilliant military commander, cunning politician, and gifted writer, he transformed the Roman Republic into what would eventually become the Roman Empire.

    Early Life

    Gaius Julius Caesar was born on July 13, 100 BC, into a patrician family in Rome. Despite his noble origins, his family was not particularly wealthy or politically powerful at the time. From an early age, Caesar showed exceptional intelligence and ambition. He studied rhetoric and philosophy, skills that would later make him one of Rome’s greatest orators.

    Rise to Power

    Caesar’s political career began in earnest in his early thirties. He formed a powerful alliance known as theFirst Triumvirate with two of Rome’s most powerful men — Pompey, the celebrated general, and Crassus, the wealthiest man in Rome. This partnership allowed Caesar to gain the consulship in 59 BC, one of the highest offices in the Roman Republic.

    Military Campaigns

    Perhaps Caesar’s greatest achievements came on the battlefield. His conquest of Gaul (modern-day France and Belgium) between 58 and 50 BC is considered one of the most remarkable military campaigns in history. Over nearly a decade of fighting, Caesar’s legions defeated numerous Celtic tribes and brought vast new territories under Roman control.

    He also conducted two expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC — the first Roman general to do so — and famously crossed the Rhine River into Germanic territory, demonstrating Rome’s military reach beyond its known borders.

    Crossing the Rubicon

    In 49 BC, Caesar made one of the most consequential decisions in world history. Ordered by the Senate to disband his army, he instead crossed theRubicon River with his troops — a direct act of defiance that triggered a civil war. The phrase “crossing the Rubicon” has since become a universal expression for making an irreversible decision.

    After defeating his rival Pompey and his supporters across multiple campaigns from Spain to Egypt to Asia Minor, Caesar emerged as the undisputed master of the Roman world.

    Dictator of Rome

    By 44 BC, Caesar had been declared dictator perpetuo — dictator in perpetuity. He implemented sweeping reforms: restructuring the calendar (giving us the Julian calendar, still the basis of our modern one), reducing debt, expanding citizenship, and improving the administration of Rome’s provinces.

    Assassination

    Despite — or perhaps because of — his immense power, Caesar made powerful enemies. OnMarch 15, 44 BC, known as the Ides of March, a group of senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus assassinated him in the Theatre of Pompey. He was stabbed 23 times.

    The assassins believed they were saving the Republic. Instead, Caesar’s death plunged Rome into years of civil war and ultimately led to the rise of his adopted son Octavian as Augustus, the first Roman Emperor.

    Legacy

    Julius Caesar’s legacy is immeasurable. His name became a title — Kaiser in German, Tsar in Russian — synonymous with supreme power. He reformed the calendar, reshaped the Roman state, and inspired countless works of art, literature, and political thought across two millennia.

    William Shakespeare immortalized him in his famous play Julius Caesar, and his own writings — particularly Commentarii de Bello Gallico — remain studied to this day as masterpieces of Latin prose and military history.

    As we reflect on his life on March 24, 2026, Julius Caesar remains a towering figure — a man whose ambition, genius, and fate continue to captivate the imagination of the world more than 2,000 years after his death.

    “Veni, vidi, vici” — I came, I saw, I conquered.

    — Julius Caesar

    ]]>         The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/08/06/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-12/ Thu, 06 Aug 2026 22:25:17 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=79886 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

    ]]>         The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/08/06/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-11/ Thu, 06 Aug 2026 18:00:05 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=79768 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

    ]]>         The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/08/05/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-10/ Wed, 05 Aug 2026 14:14:04 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=76586 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

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    ]]>         The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/16/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-9/ https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/16/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-9/#respond Thu, 16 Jul 2026 09:58:07 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=31148 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

    ]]>     https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/16/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-9/feed/ 0     The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/15/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-8/ https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/15/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-8/#respond Wed, 15 Jul 2026 15:45:20 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=27938 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

    ]]>     https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/15/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-8/feed/ 0     The Founding of YouTube A Short History https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/08/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-7/ https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/08/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-7/#respond Wed, 08 Jul 2026 09:58:44 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=11304 YouTube is one of the most influential platforms in modern media, but its origin story is surprisingly simple: a small team wanted an easier way to share video online. In the early 2000s, uploading and sending video files was slow, formats were inconsistent, and most websites weren’t built for smooth playback. YouTube’s founders focused on removing those barriers—making video sharing as easy as sending a link.

    Who Founded YouTube?

    YouTube was founded by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. They combined product thinking, engineering skills, and a clear user goal: create a website where anyone could upload a video and watch it instantly in a browser.

    • Chad Hurley — product/design focus and early CEO role
    • Steve Chen — engineering and infrastructure
    • Jawed Karim — engineering and early concept support

    The Problem YouTube Solved

    At the time, sharing video often meant emailing huge files or dealing with complicated players and downloads. YouTube made video:

    1. Uploadable by non-experts (simple interface)
    2. Streamable in the browser (no special setup)
    3. Sharable through links and embedding on other sites

    Early Growth and the First Video

    YouTube launched publicly in 2005. One of the most famous early moments was the first uploaded video, “Me at the zoo,” featuring co-founder Jawed Karim. The clip was short and casual—exactly the kind of everyday content that proved the platform’s big idea: ordinary people could publish video without needing a studio.

    Key Milestones Timeline

    Year/Date
    Milestone
    Why It Mattered
    2005 YouTube is founded and launches Introduced easy browser-based video sharing
    2005 “Me at the zoo” is uploaded Became a symbol of user-generated video culture
    2006 Google acquires YouTube Provided resources to scale hosting and global reach

    Why Google Bought YouTube

    By 2006, YouTube’s traffic was exploding. Video hosting is expensive—bandwidth and storage costs rise fast when millions of people watch content daily. Google’s acquisition gave YouTube the infrastructure and advertising ecosystem to grow into a sustainable business.

    What YouTube’s Founding Changed

    YouTube didn’t just create a popular website; it reshaped how people learn, entertain themselves, and build careers online. Its founding helped accelerate:

    • Creator-driven media and influencer culture
    • How-to education and free tutorials at massive scale
    • Music discovery, commentary, and global community trends

    From a small startup idea to a global video powerhouse, YouTube’s founding is a classic example of a simple product solving a real problem—and changing the internet in the process.

    ]]>     https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/08/the-founding-of-youtube-a-short-history-7/feed/ 0     Online casino zonder cruks https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/06/online-casino-zonder-cruks/ https://institutoivg.com.br/2026/07/06/online-casino-zonder-cruks/#respond Mon, 06 Jul 2026 12:09:16 +0000 https://institutoivg.com.br/?p=10213

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